CURRICULUM
VITAE
Name: M.
Deric Bownds
Title: Professor
of Molecular Biology and Zoology
Birthdate and Place: May
16, 1942; San Antonio, Texas
Education:
1963 Harvard
College, Cambridge, Massachusetts B.S.,
Biochemistry
1967 Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts Ph.D.,
Biology
Major Research Interests:
Neurobiology
The
chemistry and physiology of photoreceptor membranes
Biology
of Mind
Research and Professional
Experience:
1967-1968 Postdoctoral
Fellowship, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts
1968-1972 Assistant
Professor of Molecular Biology and Zoology, University
of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
1972-1975 Associate
Professor of Molecular Biology and Zoology, University
of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
1973-1975 Chairman,
Neurosciences Ph.D. Training Program, University of Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin
1975-2001 Professor
of Molecular Biology and Zoology, University of Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin
1998-2001 Chair,
Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison,
Wisconsin
2001-present Emeritus
Professor of Molecular Biology and Zoology, University
of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
Professional Societies:
Association
for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Biophysical
Society
Society
of General Physiologists
Society
for Neuroscience
Association
for the Scientific Study of Consciousness
Cognitive
Neuroscience Society
Related Scientific
Experience:
National
Institutes of Health, study section for Visual Sciences
Vision
Research, Editoral Board
Visual
Neuroscience, Editorial Board
Journal
of Cognitive Systems Research, Editorial Board
TRAINING RECORD
Master's Granted Ph.D.'s
Granted Postdoctorals
P. Barald; 1969 J.
Miller; 1976 S.
Kawamura; 1978-80
K. Konzak; 1973 M.
Woodruff; 1978 H.
Hamm; 1980-83
M. Karrel; 1981 A.
Polans; 1979 R.
Cote; 1980-1986
E. Brewer; 1985 P.
Robinson; 1981 P.
Witt; 1980-1986
B.
Binder; 1989 G.
Nicol; 1983-1988
M.
Grey-Keller; 1991 P.
Schnetkamp; 1984-6
P.
Calvert; 1995 V.
Arshavsky; 1989-95
V.
Klenchin; 1992-95
Yun
Tzu; 1993-95
PUBLICATIONS
M. Deric Bownds
1. Bownds,
D. and Wald, G. (1965) Reaction of the Rhodopsin Chromosphore
with Sodium Borohydride. Nature 205:254-257.
2. Hubbard,
R., Bownds, D. and Yoshizawa, T. (1965) The Chemistry
of Visual Photoreception. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium XXX,
p. 301-315.
3. Bownds,
D. (1967) Site of Attachment of Retinal in Rhodopsin. Nature 216:1178-1181.
4. Hall, Z.W.,
Bownds, M.D. and Kravitz, E.A. (1970) The Metabolism
of gamma Aminobutyric Acid in the Lobster Nervous System. Enzymes
in Single Excitatory and Inhibitory Axons. J. Cell
Biol. 46:290-299.
5. Kravitz,
E.A., Slater, C.R., Takahashi, K., Bownds, M.D. and Grossfeld,
R.M. (1970) Excitatory Transmission in Invertebrates
- Glutamate as a Potential Neuromuscular Transmitter
Compound. Proc. 5th Int. Neurobiol., pp. 85-93
6. Bownds,
D. and Gaide-Huguenin, A.C. (1970) Rhodopsin Content
of Frog Photoreceptor Outer Segments. Nature 225:870-872
7. Bownds,
D., Gordon-Walker, A., Gaide-Huguenin, A.C. and Robinson,
W. (1971) Characterization and Analysis of Frog Photoreceptor
Membranes. J. Gen. Physiol. 58:225-237.
8. Hubbard,
R., Brown, P.K. and Bownds, D. (1971) Methodology of
Vitamin A and Visual Pigments, In: "Methods
in Enzymology", Academic Press, New York, p. 615-653.
9. Robinson,
W.E., Gordon-Walker, A. and Bownds, D. (1972) Molecular
Weight of Frog Rhodopsin. Nature New Biol. 235:112-114.
10. Bownds, D., Dawes,
J., Miller, J., and Stahlman, M. (1972) Phosphorylation
of Frog Photoreceptor Membranes Induced by Light. Nature
New Biol. 237:125-127.
11. Bownds, D., Dawes,
J. and Miller, J. (1973) In vitro Physiology of
Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. In: "Biochemistry
and Physiology of Visual Pigments", Springer-Verlag,
p. 267-273.
12. Bownds, D., Brodie,
A., Robinson, W.E., Palmer, D., Miller, J. and Shedlovsky,
A. (1974) Physiology and Enzymology of Frog Photoreceptor
Membranes. Exp. Eye Res. 18:253-269.
13. Miller, J.A. and Paulsen,
R. (1975) Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation of Frog
Rod Outer Segment Membranes as Part of the Visual Process.
J. Biol. Chem. 250:4427-4432.
14. Paulsen, R., Miller,
J.A., Brodie, A.E. and Bownds, M.D. (1975) The Decay
of Long-Lived Photoproducts in the Isolated Bullfrog
Rod Outer Segments: Relationship to Other Dark
Reactions. Vision Res. 15:1325-1332.
15. Bownds, D. and Brodie,
A.E. (1975) Light-Sensitive Swelling of Isolated Frog
Rod Outer Segments as an in vitro Assay for Visual
Transduction and Dark Adaptation. J. Gen. Physiol. 66:407-425.
16. Miller, J.A., Brodie,
A.E. and Bownds, M.D. (1975) Light-Activated Rhodopsin
Phosphorylation May Control Light Sensitivity in Isolated
Rod Outer Segments. FEBS Letters 59:20-23.
17. Brodie, A.E. and Bownds,
M.D. (1976) Biochemical Correlates of Adaptation Processes
in Isolated Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. J. Gen.
Physiol. 68:1-11.
18. Woodruff, M.L., Bownds,
D., Green, S.H., Morrisey, J.L. and Shedlovsky, A. (1977)
Guanosine 3',5'-Cyclic Monophosphate and the in vitro Physiology
of Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. J. Gen. Physiol. 69:
667-679.
19. Miller, J.A., Paulson,
R. and Bownds, M.D. (1977) Control of Light-Activated
Phosphorylation in Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. Biochem. 16:2633-2639.
20. Hubbell, W.L. and
Bownds, M.D. (1979) Visual Transduction in Vertebrate
Photoreceptors. Ann. Rev. Neuros. 2:17-34.
21. Woodruff, M.L. and
Bownds, M.D. (1979) Amplitude, Kinetics, and Reversibility
of a Light-Induced Decrease in Guanosine 3',5'-Cyclic
Monophosphate in Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. J.
Gen. Physiol. 74:629-653.
22. Polans, A.S., Hermolin,
J. and Bownds, M.D. (1979) Light-Induced Dephosphorylation
of Two Proteins in Frog Rod Outer Segments: Influence
of Cyclic Nucleotides and Calcium. J. Gen. Physiol. 74:595-613.
23. Biernbaum, M.S. and
Bownds, M.D. (1979) Influence of Light and Calcium on
Guanosine 5'-Triphosphate in Isolated Frog Road Outer
Segments. J. Gen. Physiol. 74:649-669.
24. Bownds, M.D. (1980)
Biochemical Steps in Visual Transduction: Roles
for Nucleotides and Calcium Ions. Photochem. and
Photobiol. 32:487-490.
25. Robinson, P.R., Kawamura,
S., Abramson, B. and Bownds, M.D. (1980) Control of the
Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase of Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. J.
Gen. Physiol. 76:631-645.
26. Polans, A.S., Kawamura,
S. and Bownds, M.D. (1981) Influence of Calcium on Guanosine
3',5'-Cyclic Monophosphate Levels in Frog Rod Outer Segments. J.
Gen Physiol. 77:41-48.
27. Kawamura, S. and Bownds,
M.D. (1981) Light Adaptation of the Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase
of Frog Photoreceptor Membranes Mediated
by ATP and Calcium Ions. J. Gen. Physiol. 77:571-591.
28. Bownds, M.D. (1981)
Molecular Mechanisms of Visual Transduction. Trends
in Neurosci. 4:214-217.
29. Bownds, M.D. (1981)
Biochemical Pathways Regulating Transduction in Frog
Photoreceptor Membranes, In: "Current
Topics in Membranes and Transport", Volume 15, Academic
Press, New York, p. 203-214.
30. Hermolin, J. (1981)
Light-Influenced Outer-Segment Protein Phosphorylation
in Frog Retina: Effects of Cyclic Nucleotides and
Calcium. In: "Cold Spring Harbor Symposium
on Cell Proliferation, Volume 8, Protein Phosphorylation",
Cold Spring Harbor Press, New York, p. 1347-1360.
31. Hermolin, J.,
Karell, M.A., Hamm, H.E. and Bownds, M.D. (1982) Calcium
and Cyclic GMP Regulation of Light-Sensitive Protein
Phosphorylation in Frog Photoreceptor Membranes. J.
Gen. Physiol. 79:633-655.
32. Hargrave, P.A., D.
Bownds, J.K. Wang and J.H. McDowell (1982) Retinyl Peptide
Isolation and Characterization. Meth. Enzymol. 81:211-214.
33. Kawamura, S. (1983)
Involvement of ATP in Activation and Inactivation Sequence
of Phosphodiesterase in Frog Rod Outer Segments. Biochim.
Biophys. Acta 732:276-281.
34. Witt, P.L., Hamm,
H.E. and Bownds, M.D. (1984) Preparation and Characterization
of Monoclonal Antibodies to Several Frog Rod Outer Segment
Proteins. J. Gen. Physiol. 84:251-263.
35. Hamm, H.E. and Bownds,
M.D. (1984) A Monoclonal Antibody to Guanine Nucleotide
Binding Protein Inhibits the Light-Activated Cyclic GMP
Pathway in Frog Rod Outer Segments. J. Gen. Physiol. 84:265-280.
36. Cote, R.H., Biernbaum,
M.S., Nicol, G.D. and Bownds, M.D. (1984) Light-Induced
Decreases in cGMP Concentration Precede
Changes in Membrane Permeability in Frog Rod Photoreceptors. J.
Biol. Chem. 259:9635-9641.
37. Biernbaum, M.S. and
Bownds, M.D. (1985) Frog Rod Outer Segments with Attached
Inner Segment Ellipsoids as an In Vitro Model
for Photoreceptors on the Retina. J. Gen. Physiol. 85:83-105.
38. Biernbaum, M.S. and
Bownds, M.D. (1985) Light-Induced Changes in GTP and
ATP in Frog Rod Photoreceptors. Comparison
with Recovery of Dark Current and Light Sensitivity During
Dark Adaptation. J. Gen. Physiol. 85:107-121.
39. Robinson, P.R., Radeke,
M.J., Cote, R.H. and Bownds, M.D. (1986) cGMP Influences
Guanine Nucleotide Binding to Frog Photoreceptor G-protein. J.
Biol. Chem. 261:313-318.
40. Bownds, M.D. and Brewer,
E. (1986) Changes in Protein Phosphorylation and Nucleoside
Triphosphatesduring Phototransduction - Physiological
Correlates. The Molecular Mechanism of Photoreception. H.
Stieve (ed), Springer-Verlag, pp. 159-169.
41. Cote, R.H., Nicol,
G.D., Burke, S.A. and Bownds, M.D. (1986) Changes in
cGMP Concentration Correlate with Some, but Not
All, Aspects of the Light-regulated Conductance of Frog
Rod Photoreceptors. J. Biol. Chem. 261:12965-12975.
42. Hamm, H.E. and Bownds,
M.D. (1986) Protein Complement of Rod Outer Segments
of Frog Retina. Biochem. 25:4512-4523.
43. Witt, P. and Bownds,
M.D. (1987) Identification of Frog Photoreceptor Plasma
and Disk Membrane Proteins by Radioiodination. Biochem. 26:1769-1776.
44. Nicol, G.D., Kaupp,
U.B. and Bownds, M.D. (1987) Transduction Persists in
Rod Photoreceptors After Depletion of Intracellular Calcium. J.
Gen. Physiol. 89:297-319.
45. Schnetkamp, P.P.M.
and Bownds, M.D. (1987) Na+- and cGMP-Induced
Ca2+ Fluxes in Frog Rod Photoreceptors. J.
Gen. Physiol. 89:481-500.
46. Bownds, M.D., Nicol,
G.D. and Cote, R.H. (1987) Biochemical Pathways Mediating
Excitation and Adaptation of Vertebrate Rod Photoreceptor
Cells. In: Retinal Proteins, Proceedings
of an International Conferences, Irkutsk, USSR, Y. A.
Ovchinnikov (ed), VNU Press, pp 95-108.
47. Nicol, G.D., Schnetkamp,
P.P.M., Saimi, Y., Cragoe, E.J. Jr., and Bownds, M.D.
(1987) A Derivative of Amiloride Blocks
Both the Light- and Cyclic GMP-regulated Conductances
in Rod Photoreceptors. J. Gen. Physiol. 90:651-669.
48. Bownds, M.D. and Thomson,
D. (1988) Control of the Sensitivity and Kinetics of
the Vertebrate Photoresponse During Light Adaptation
- Calculations from Simple Molecular Models. In: Molecular
Physiology of Retinal Proteins, T. Hara (ed.) Proc. XXI
Yamada Conf., pp. 241-246, Japan Scientific Societies
Press, Osaka.
49. Binder, B.M., Brewer,
E., and Bownds, M.D. (1989) Stimulation of Protein Phosphorylations
in Frog Rod Outer Segments by Protein Kinase Activators. J.
Biol. Chem. 264:8857-8864.
50. Nicol, G.D. and Bownds,
M.D. (1989) Calcium Regulates Some, But Not All, Aspects
of Light Adaptation in Rod Photoreceptors. J. Gen.
Physiol. 94:233-259.
51. Cote, R.H., Nicol,
G.D., Burke, S.A., and Bownds, M.D. (1989) Cyclic GMP
Levels and Membrane Current During Onset, Recovery and
Light Adaptation of the Photoresponse of Detached Frog
Photoreceptors. J. Biol. Chem. 264:15384-15391.
52. Gray-Keller, M.P.,
Biernbaum, M.S. and Bownds, M.D. (1990) Transducin Activation
in Electropermeabilized Frog Rod Outer Segments is Highly
Amplified, and a Portion Equivalent to Posphodiesterase
Remains Membrane-Bound. J. Biol. Chem. 265:15323-15332.
53. Binder, B.M., Biernbaum,
M.S. and Bownds, M.D. (1990) Light Activation of One
Rhodopsin Molecule Causes the Phosphorylation of Hundreds
of Others: A Reaction Observed in Electropermeabilized
Frog Rod Outer Segments Exposed to Dim Illumination. J.
Biol. Chem. 265:15333-15340.
54. Arshavsky, V.Y., Gray-Keller,
M.P., and Bownds, M.D. (1991) cGMP Suppresses GTPase
Activity of a Portion of Transducin Equimolar to Phosphodiesterase
in Frog Rod Outer Segments - A putative feedback mechanism
of the photoresponse. J. Biol. Chem. 266:18530-18537.
55. Biernbaum, M.S., Binder,
B.M., and Bownds, M.D. (1991) Dim Background Light and
Cerenkov Radiation from 32P Block Reversal
of Rhodopsin Phosphorylation in Intact Frog Retinal Rods. Visual
Neuroscience 7:499-503.
56. Arshavsky, V.Y. and
Bownds, M.D.(1992) Regulation of Deactivation of Photoreceptor
G Protein by Its Target Enzyme and cGMP. Nature 357:416-417.
57. Arshavsky, V.Y., Dumke,
C.L., and Bownds, M.D. (1992) Noncatalytic cGMP-binding
Sites of Amphibian Rod cGMP Phosphodiesterase Control
Interaction with Its Inhibitory -Subunits. J.
Biol. Chem. 267:24501-24507.
58. Cote, R.H., Bownds,
M.D., and Arshavsky, V.Y. (1994) cGMP Binding Sites on
Photoreceptor Phosphodiedsterase: Role in Feedback Regulation
of Visual Transduction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA 91:4845-4849.
59. Dumke, C.L., Arshavsky,
V.Y., Calvert, P.D., Bownds, M.D., and Pugh, E.N. Jr.
(1994) Rod Outer Segment Structure Influences the Apparent
Kinetic Parameters of cGMP Phosphodiesterase. J.
Gen. Physiol. 103:1071-1098.
60. Arshavsky, V.Y., Dumke,
C.L., Zhu, Y., Artemyev, N.O., Skiba, N.P., Hamm, H.E.,
and Bownds, M.D. (1994) Regulation of Transducin GTPase
Activity in Bovine Rod Outer Segments. J. Biol.
Chem. 269:19882-19887.
61. Bownds, M.D. and Arshavsky,
V.Y. (1995) What are the mechanisms of photoreceptor
adaptation? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18:415-424.
62. Klenchin, V.A., Calvert,
P.D., and Bownds, M.D. (1995) Inhibition of rhodopsin
kinase by recoverin. Further evidence for a negative
feedback system in phototransduction. J. Biol.
Chem. 270:16147-16152.
63. Calvert, P.D., Klenchin,
V.A., and Bownds, M.D. (1995) Rhodopsin kinase inhibition
by recoverin. Function of recoverin myristoylation. J.
Biol. Chem. 270:24127-24129.
64. Slepak, V.Z., Artemyev,
N.O., Zhu, Y., Dumke, C.L., Sabacan, L. Sondek, L., Hamm,
H.E., Bownds, M.D. and Arshavsky, V.Y. (1995) An effector
site that stimulates G-protein GTPase in photoreceptors. J.
Biol. Chem. 270:14319-14324.
65. Bownds, D. (1999) The
Biology of Mind. Bethesda: Fitzgerald Science Press.
66. Leskov, I.B., Klenchin,
V.A., Handy, J.W., Whitlock, G.G., Govardovskii, V.I.,
Bownds, M.D., Lamb, T.D., Pugh, E.N. Jr., and Arshavsky,
V.Y. (2000) The gain of rod phototransduction: Reconciliation
of biochemical and electrophysiological measurements.
Neuron 27:525-537.
10/02/00
